CHAPTER 11

SIZE REDUCTION

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Introduction
Grinding and cutting.
Energy Used in GrindingKick's LawRittinger's Law
       Bond's LawWork Index
New Surface Formed by Grindingshape factorsspecific surface
Grinding equipment.
Crushers
Hammer mills
Fixed-head mills
Plate mills
Roller mills
Miscellaneous milling equipment
Cutters
Emulsificationdisperse/continuous phasesstability
       emulsifying agents
Preparation of Emulsionsshearinghomogenization
Summary.
Problems.

Examples in this Chapter:
11.1. Grinding of sugar
11.2. Surface area of salt crystals

Figures in this Chapter:
11.1 Crushers: (a) jaw, (b) gyratory
11.2 Grinders: (a) hammer mill, (b) plate mill